Uncertainty:

Hirsch, Peterson, Mar - Psychological Entropy (2011):

"(a) Uncertainty poses a critical adaptive challenge for any organism, so individuals are motivated to keep it at a manageable level; (b) uncertainty emerges as a function of the conflict between competing perceptual and behavioral affordances; (c) adopting clear goals and belief structures helps to constrain the experience of uncertainty by reducing the spread of competing affordances; and (d) uncertainty is experienced subjectively as anxiety and is associated with activity in the anterior cingular cortex and heightened noradrenaline release."

-----

"we argue that uncertainty presents a fundamental (and unavoidable) challenge to the integrity of any complex organism. The entropy-based model ... provides and organizing framework for understanding the critical importance of uncertainty management for an individual's survival, well-being, and productivity[.]"

-----

"psychological entropy, defined as the experience of conflicting perceptual and behavioral affordances."

-----

[Unsicherheit: Unklarheit darüber, was zu tun ist. Unklarheit darüber, was passiert / was passieren wird.]

-----

[Salopp: Der Mensch will und braucht Klarheit darüber, was zu tun ist / wie etwas zu interpretieren ist. (Eben da der Unklarheit etwas Lähmendes und Passivierendes anhaftet.)]