Posts mit dem Label Genotype-Environment Effects werden angezeigt. Alle Posts anzeigen
Posts mit dem Label Genotype-Environment Effects werden angezeigt. Alle Posts anzeigen

Sonntag, 25. August 2013

Do People Make Environments or Do Environments Make People?

Do People Make Environments or Do Environments Make People?
David C Rowe; 2001


Abstract

This article discusses the influence of people’s genetic make-up on their mental states of happiness and depression. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, great fortune does not guarantee happiness; neither does great misfortune assure depression. Emotional states are surprisingly immune to “objective” social circumstances. A biological basis for this relative immunity is that people possess biological set points for these emotional states, rendering the effects of most life events transitory. Genotypes also have indirect effects. People react differently to psychological stressors depending on their genotypes. A susceptible person may succumb to depression, whereas a resilient person may remain unaffected. People also expose themselves to different social environments. Exposure to controllable life events is partly a result of genetic predispositions. Consilience requires that this biological individuality be considered in any understanding of human behavior, including the pursuit of happiness.


[See also: http://menghusblog.wordpress.com/2012/12/18/do-people-make-environments-or-do-environments-make-people/ ... found the full version on Meng Hu's page.]

Montag, 20. Mai 2013

How People Make Their Own Environments: A Theory of Genotype --> Environment Effects

How People Make Their Own Environments: A  Theory of Genotype --> Environment Effects
Sandra Scarr and Kathleen McCartney; 1983
http://defiant.ssc.uwo.ca/undergraduate/psych3440g/readings/Scarr198scar_mc.pdf


Abstract

We propose a theory of development in which experience is directed by genotypes. Genotypic differences are proposed to affect phenotypic differences, both directly and through experience, via 3 kinds of genotype --> environment effects: a passive kind, through environments provided by biologically related parents; an evocative kind, through responses elicited by individuals from others; and an active kind, through the selection of different environments by different people. The theory adapts the 3 kinds of genotype-environment correlations proposed by Plomin,  DeFries, and Loehlin in a developmental model that is used to explain results from studies of deprivation, intervention, twins, and families.