Scott D. Blain, Rachael G. Grazioplene, Yizhou Ma, & Colin G. DeYoung
Background: Psychosis proneness has been linked to heightened Openness to Experience, as well as cognitive deficits. Openness and psychotic disorders are associated with individual differences in the default and frontoparietal control networks, and the latter is also robustly associated with intelligence. We tested the hypothesis that functional connectivity of the default and frontoparietal networks is a neural correlate of the openness-psychosis spectrum.
Methods: Participants in the Human Connectome Project (N = 1003, 534 females) completed self-report measures of psychoticism and Openness, as well as measures of intelligence. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to identify intrinsic connectivity networks. Structural equation modeling revealed relations among the self-report measures, intelligence, and coherence of the default and frontoparietal networks.
Results: Psychoticism and Openness were positively related to default network coherence and negatively related to frontoparietal network coherence. The shared variance of psychoticism and Openness was also associated with this pattern, showing a positive association with default coherence (β = .59, p = .001) and negative association with frontoparietal coherence (β = -.74, p < .001). Intelligence was positively related to frontoparietal coherence (β = .23, p = .001).
Conclusions: Research suggests psychoticism and Openness are linked in part through their association with connectivity in neural networks associated with experiential simulation and cognitive control. We propose a model of the psychosis spectrum that highlights roles of the default and frontoparietal networks. Findings echo research on functional connectivity in patients with psychosis, providing evidence of shared mechanisms across the personality-psychopathology continuum.
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